For many of Myanmar’s ethnic minorities, the bloodshed inflicted across the country’s towns and cities this week is a continuation of the oppression they have suffered at the hands of the military for decades.

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The Southeast Asian country is home to some of the world’s longest civil wars, where myriad ethnic insurgencies have fought the military, central government and each other for greater rights and autonomy. Some of those bloody conflicts have ebbed and flowed in the borderlands for 70 years.
Throughout years of conflict in Myanmar’s jungles and mountains, ethnic people have witnessed and been subjected to horrific atrocities including massacres, rape and other forms of sexual violence, torture, forced labor and displacement by the armed forces, as well as state-sanctioned discrimination.
In 2016 and 2017, the military launched a brutal campaign of killing and arson that forced more than 740,000 Rohingya minority people to flee into neighboring Bangladesh, prompting a genocide case to be heard at the International Court of Justice. In 2019, the United Nations said “grave human rights abuses” by the military were still continuing in the ethnic states of Rakhine, Chin, Shan, Kachin and Karen.
Demonstrators block a Yangon bridge with their cars on February 17.
Photos: Protesters resist Myanmar coup
Demonstrators block a Yangon bridge with their cars on February 17.

Buddhist monks march during an anti-coup protest in Yangon on February 16.
Photos: Protesters resist Myanmar coup
Buddhist monks march during an anti-coup protest in Yangon on February 16.

A Suu Kyi banner is displayed during demonstrations in Yangon on February 15.
Photos: Protesters resist Myanmar coup
A Suu Kyi banner is displayed during demonstrations in Yangon on February 15.