A wiper motor powers the windshield wipers of the vehicle. When the motor spins, its mechanism rotates a worm gear, arm, and eventually the windshield wiper blades. The blades then clean the windshield dust, dirt, water, etc. Usually, the wiper motor assembly is in the engine bay and mounted firewall. From here, the motor assembly connects to the parts that facilitate the wiper linkage, enable motion transmission, and then move the wiper parts.
Types of Wiper Motors
There exist various types of wiper motors, usually based on the location, voltage rating, and design. Accordingly, in the automobile industry, the different types of wiper motors include,
- Permanent magnet and field wound wiper motor
- Front and Rear Wiper Motor
- 6V, 12V, and 24V Wiper Motor
- Universal Wiper Motor
Let us look in short at each of the above wiper motors.
- Permanent Magnet and Field Wound Wiper Motor
Permanent magnets form an essential component of modern-day automobile windshield motors. Such motors are cost-effective and reliable and are usually identified by their cylindrical shape. Besides, in some vehicles, especially the older ones, you would find field-wound wiper motors. Back then, since permanent magnets were rare, most of the cars had field-wound wiper motors.
- Front and Rear Wiper Motor
These days, cars come with front and rear wipers. The front wiper motor comprises a crank connected to the wiper transmission, and the rear wiper motor operates the wiper arm directly through a few supporting parts.
- 12V and 24V Wiper Motor
Windshield motors are available in the 12V and 24V types as well. The 12V DC windshield varies from its 24V counterpart in terms of the current draw. It requires a larger amount of current to generate a particular amount of power than the 24V. However, a 12V motor is well-suited for most of the applications.
- Universal Wiper Motor
Universal wiper motors, as the name suggests, can fit a broad range of applications, and can be installed in a variety of vehicles with little or no modifications. The kit of a universal wiper motor comprises the motor, mounting parts, and components required to install the motor.
How do Windshield Wipers Work?
- When you switch on the wipers, the wiper switch communicates with the wiper control module that controls the operation of the wiper system.
- With the help of the wiper relay, it closes the circuit that sends the vehicle’s battery’s voltage to power to the motor, based on the motor’s voltage rating.
- Now, when the motor receives power, it starts rotating. It has a shaft that comprises a spiral gear that meshes with a plastic gear wheel. The gear wheel starts spinning and rotates an output shaft connected to a small arm or crank that transfers the motor rotation to the wiper transmission components. During the continuous rotation of the arm, the wiper linkage parts move back and forth.
- The wiper’s transmission is a link or a flexible rack system. Based on the construction, the transmission’s parts move the wiper blades across the windshield. The wiper blades comprise rubber surfaces and are connected to the wiper arms. The wiper arm assembly uniformizes pressure along with the blades.
Millennium Semiconductors – The Leading Distributor of electronic components
Millennium Semiconductors is one of the top electronic component distributor providing solutions for various applications like wiper motor in India. The company is an authorized distributor for manufacturers across the globe to ensure the distribution of the best-quality components and solutions. For more information, connect with Millennium Semiconductors on +91 8308838961
