plumbing is a system of piping, valves, and fixtures used to convey liquids for a wide range of applications. Among the many reasons for the importance of plumbing is that it helps regulate the flow of water to ensure that it is safe and clean. As a result, millions of people around the world have jobs in the plumbing industry. The advancements made in the plumbing industry continue to protect the lives of people in developing nations.

Plumbing is divided into three subsystems: supply, drainage, and venting. These subsystems are designed to bring in freshwater and wastewater from outside and to dispose of it. Each of these systems has a specific set of equipment and materials. There are many types of pipes and fittings for each subsystem, but the basic components are the same.

Pipes are often made of plastic, copper, or steel. Some are welded while others are extruded. For new construction, PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) is a good choice. It is flexible, highly freeze resistant, and strong enough to handle high water pressure. This type of piping can be installed with fewer fittings than rigid plumbing systems.

PVC pipes are also commonly used in drain lines. They are especially resistant to corrosion. However, PVC can be susceptible to fire. Therefore, chlorine is added to PVC pipe in order to improve its resistance to corrosion and to make the material more resistant to heat. Chlorinated PVC has a long service life and is an ideal material for drain lines because of its strength and durability.

Other plumbing equipment includes water heaters, pumps, expansion tanks, water softeners, and UV sterilization lights. In addition, there are a number of different tools used for plumbing, including a pipe vise, flaring pliers, and dies. To avoid accidents, you should always use proper techniques when working on your plumbing.

Plumbing is regulated by state authorities in each of the states. The main water shut-off valve is usually located near the meter. If you suspect that your house has a problem, turn off the water and contact a professional plumber. Before doing any repairs, check with your local plumbing code official to find out what types of repairs are permitted.

A common pipe in residential water supply systems is the galvanized steel pipe. Galvanized steel is relatively expensive and is difficult to work with. Typically, galvanized steel is used for repair of existing galv systems or to satisfy non-combustibility requirements.

The plumbing industry has evolved into a highly specialized field, with plumbers using a variety of new equipment to fix problems quickly. One example is the use of high-pressure hydraulic pumps to replace sewer lines. Another is the use of video cameras to monitor plumbing.

Plumbing is essential to the health and comfort of households. It provides a reliable source of water and sanitation, and prevents the growth of mold and mildew. The installation of a working plumbing system can help reduce water bills. Moreover, it can save homeowners time and money.