A knockout mouse model is an vital animal model used for studying inherited diseases or deformed protein functions. Genes are inactivated by approaches like interrupting it with an artificial piece of DNA in a knockout mouse. It is a significant way to study the role of genes that have been sequenced but whose functions have not been determined. Inactivating the target gene additionally influences the phenotype of mouse thereby providing information about the gene functions to researchers.
A knockout is created, similar to the gene of interest but mutated or function is lost. After construction, knockouts are introduced into the embryonic stem (ES) cells of mouse and gene knockout cell line having DNA insert are further screened. Then the screened cells are inserted into the embryo, creating chimera, and then chimeras square measure deep-rooted in an exceedingly pseudo-pregnant mouse. This mouse produces chimeric offspring having that knockout gene.
Knockout mouse models are best for researching a function of a gene. They provide data concerning protein expression that how protein affects phenotype. When an allele is deleted, we are able to study human disease as mice and humans share several common genes. Conditional knockout (cKO) models are being widely used today for cancer study and analysis, which is a refined knockout strategy.
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